Wissenschaftliche Untersuchungen zum Neuen Testament - 224: Die vier Evangelien und das eine Evangelium von Jesus Christus

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Why does the church have four distinct written Gospels when, according to Paul, there was originally only one orally proclaimed Gospel? Martin Hengel explores this question by examining the development of the four-Gospel collection in the 2nd century and tracing their origins. A key factor in this collection was the reading of these Gospels alongside Old Testament texts during church services, which played a crucial role in their acceptance as part of the church canon. Hengel also investigates the authors of the Gospels and their respective timeframes. He posits that Mark was the first to write a Gospel and suggests that Matthew, who authored a later Gospel, likely had access to the earlier Gospel of Luke. This hypothesis is supported by the numerous minor agreements between Luke and Matthew that contrast with Mark, indicating a shared tradition. This work is an expanded German version of the English book "The Four Gospels and the One Gospel of Jesus Christ," translated by John Bowden and published by SCM Press in 2000.