This volume includes twelve studies mostly based on research results presented at two workshops of the European Science Foundation international project “Nazi Occupation in Europe: The Impact of National Socialist and Fascist Rule in Europe, 1938-1950”- Research Team “Persecution of the Jews”. The attempt to analyze the attitudes and behavior of the populations in different countries ruled or occupied by the Nazis and their allies (Germany, the Netherlands, Belgium, France, Poland, Lithuania, Romania, Russia, Slovakia, Hungary) towards the Jews facing genocide, was made with a specific underlying question, namely: under what circumstances are people ready to accept or even support the discrimination, segregation, persecution, and annihilation of their fellow-citizens? The degree of indifference to the fate of the Jews and the background of such attitudes are the focus of attention of most of the authors
