Plus minus 20°/40° latitude

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In tropical and subtropical regions, the primary goals for building solutions are energy conservation and minimizing pollutant emissions. Key strategies include natural ventilation, solar energy utilization, rainwater harvesting, and leveraging the soil's energy potential. Traditional urban and architectural designs, illustrated by local architects, inspire consideration of effective techniques from past master builders alongside modern technologies. The natural ventilation of buildings relies on their urban context and structural design, which facilitates internal thermal circulation and wind effects. Incorporating extensive greenery, even within buildings, enhances urban space quality. The building's façade plays a crucial role in meeting these environmental demands, making façade systems, glazing, and shading elements critical areas of focus. Additionally, the integration of photothermic and photoelectric solar technologies, along with soil energy potential, is explored, highlighting its underutilization in many regions. Notable examples demonstrate the synergy between natural resource use and advanced building technologies. Dirk U. Hindrichs and Schüco International, in collaboration with Winfried Heusler, have pioneered energy-optimized building envelopes since the 1990s, transforming structures from energy consumers to generators while prioritizing CO2 reduction. Klaus Daniels, a former professor at the Eidgenössische Te