Farming systems analysis and development for programme adjustment policies and sustainable production

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Marginal areas, characterized by unfavorable natural conditions and challenging socio-economic environments, will increasingly play a crucial role in agricultural production in developing countries. The focus will be on drylands and mountainous regions, which must enhance food and export crop production amid rapid population growth. However, promoting these areas requires careful consideration of the fragile ecological balance to prevent irreversible degradation of natural resources. This work aims to demonstrate the methodology and analytical capabilities of the "Farming Systems Analysis and Development" approach through a case study. This approach serves as a foundational concept for developing sustainable agricultural production systems in tropical mountain areas. In Jamaica, the preservation of mountainous regions for agriculture is vital, as smallholder farming predominantly occurs there. These regions contribute 75% of domestically produced food and 25% of agricultural exports, covering 80% of the country's land. The study provides sector-specific policy guidelines and suggests operational improvements based on a thorough situational analysis. It explores how to achieve sustainable development in Jamaica's mountain areas by enhancing existing farming systems in a socially equitable and economically viable manner, aiming for long-term income stability for farmers and ecological balance in the region.