Geometry And Meaning

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From the earliest applications in astronomy, music, and biology, to the design of today's user interfaces and search engines, geometric insights have provided powerful tools and accurate scientific predictions. In Geometry and Meaning, these threads are gathered together and told as a single evolving story. Mathematical models from ancient times to the present are described for the general reader, together with the stories behind their discovery, and their applications in the new and vibrant field of natural language processing. As well as a historical survey, Geometry and Meaning presents startling new research to the scientific public for the first time. Computers can now learn about the meaning of a word just by reading everyday documents, even recognizing ambiguity and idiom. The logic used to explore the meanings of an ambiguous word depends on whether the underlying spatial model is continuous or discrete, and this relates the design of search engines to one of today's great scientific mysteries - the relationship between classical physics and quantum mechanics. In a surprising conclusion, Aristotle, long thought of as a great scientist and philosopher but a poor mathematician, shines through as the unlikely hero of modern geometry.