This book examines the communication behaviours of individuals in multilingual community contexts. Using a complexity lens and the presentation of a revised 3D pyramid model, the authors demonstrate the dynamic nature of willingness to communicate over time and shed new light on processes that affect communication, migration and well-being.
"Using data and findings from empirical research to illustrate and discuss key topics, Testing Talk takes you step-by-step through the major concepts and issues in the oral assessment of second/foreign/additional languages. Investigating and explaining the most important issues facing both examiners and test-takers, such as the factors which come into play during speaking tests, the differences between common test formats, and the challenge of ensuring equity in assessment, this book provides a state-of-the art overview of what is at stake in language classrooms and advice on how to approach testing and assessment"--