Besides scheduling problems for single and parallel machines and shop scheduling problems the book covers advanced models involving due-dates, sequence dependent changeover times and batching. Also multiprocessor task scheduling and problems with multipurpose machines are discussed. The methods used to solve these problems are linear programming, dynamic programming, branch-and-bound algorithms, and local search heuristics. Complexity results for the different classes of deterministic scheduling problems are summarized.
Scheduling problems have been studied since the late 1950s, primarily motivated by project planning and machine scheduling applications. Early research in project planning focused on scheduling with precedence constraints, assuming sufficient resources for activities. More recently, resource-constrained project scheduling problems have emerged, integrating scarce resources into the planning process. Similarly, machine scheduling has evolved to address more complex scenarios, bridging the gap between the two fields. Applications such as timetabling, rostering, and industrial scheduling link these areas further. This book explores complex scheduling problems and their solutions, structured in three parts. The first part introduces basic scheduling models and discrete optimization, covering complexity, shortest path algorithms, linear programming, network flow algorithms, and general optimization methods. The second part delves into resource-constrained project scheduling problems, detailing methods like constraint propagation, branch-and-bound algorithms, and heuristic procedures, along with discussions on lower bounds and general objective functions.
In Ermangelung stereotaktischer Atlanten vom Pferd besteht ein Bedarf an Orientierungsmarken („Landmarks“) außen am Kopf, die genutzt werden können, um bei einer diagnostischen oder therapeutischen Maßnahme ein zielgenaues Manöver zu einer neurologischen Struktur innerhalb der Schädelhöhle zu ermöglichen. Dabei kann z. B. relevant sein: (1) Die Lokalisation und Einschätzung von Frakturen im Bereich des Kopfes, insbesondere des Neurocraniums, wie sie bei schweren Traumen entstehen können (FEIGE et al. 2000; MACKAY 2004; FEARY 2007); (2) die Lokalisation eines Zugangs zur Hypophyse des Pferdes zwecks einer etwaigen Therapie des Cushing-Syndroms (PEASE et al. 2011). Voraussetzung für die Zielgenauigkeit ist die verlässliche Kenntnis der Abstände jener Marken außen am Kopf von den Zielorten innerhalb der Schädelhöhle. Als geeignete Orientierungsmarken kommen vorspringende Strukturen am Kopfskelett („Knochenpunkte“) in Betracht (BRUCKER et al. 2014).
