Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) research, particularly in aeronautics, remains a dynamic and relevant field of applied science. A growing international community of expert CFD professionals is advancing knowledge and successfully applying CFD technology across various industries. The aerospace sector has notably invested in CFD over the past two decades, benefiting from its applications since the pioneering work of Murman and others in the early 1970s, which introduced transonic (potential flow) analysis. The evolution of digital computing, particularly vector and parallel supercomputing, has significantly enhanced CFD methodologies. We are nearing the capability to calculate solutions for the Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes equations for complete aircraft configurations. However, challenges persist in physical modeling, numerical methods, and computing technology. The long-term industrial goals are encapsulated in the U.S. Government's 'Grand Challenge' for 'Aerospace Vehicle Design' from the 1990s, emphasizing the need for massively parallel computing systems and advanced algorithms. These advancements aim to facilitate the numerical simulation and design optimization of complete aerospace vehicle systems throughout their flight envelopes.
