The hope of the country with a large population

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China, with the largest population globally, is projected by the United Nations to share the milestone of approximately 1.38 billion people with India by 2030, with India slightly ahead. This potential shift is welcomed by China, symbolizing a solution to excessive population and marking progress in its “Three-Stage” population development strategy. This strategy reflects the hope of the Chinese people, transitioning from a high birth rate, high death rate, and low growth rate to a low birth rate, low death rate, and low growth rate. This transformation is rooted in the “post-demographic transition” that began in the 1990s and is crucial for future population dynamics. In-depth studies on population, resources, environment, economy, and society are essential, drawing from international experiences and theories, to address population challenges and fulfill the aspirations of rejuvenating the Chinese nation. Consequently, population change is intricately linked to this great rejuvenation; the latter necessitates population change, while the former facilitates the latter, highlighting the interconnectedness of demographic evolution and national revitalization.