Minority languages in Europe and beyond - results and prospects

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Experts on language planning, cultivation, and maintenance focus on safeguarding measures for European lesser-used languages as outlined in the 1992 EU Charter. In EUROLINGUISTICS WEST, Máthuna, Broderick, Lewin, and MacKinnon discuss the Goidelic minority languages, emphasizing their maintenance, survival, and revival. EUROLINGUISTICS NORTH features Hjelde's examination of the rise of Nynorsk in Norway and North America, followed by Weinstock's analysis of the Sámi language varieties in northern Scandinavia and Russia. In EUROLINGUISTICS SOUTH, Klein details the survival of Alsatian German and highlights the importance of preserving Alsatian dialects, while Begioni addresses Italian dialects in contact with Standard Italian. EUROLINGUISTICS CENTRE includes Cathomas's description of the standardization of Rumantsch Grischun in Kanton Grisons, Switzerland, and R. Videsott's account of the standardization efforts for Ladin Dolomitan in South Tyrol, contrasting sharply with the decline of Esseker Deutsch in Croatia, as discussed by Kortic. Socanac provides an overview of language policy in the Habsburg Monarchy concerning major and minor languages in Croatia. EUROLINGUISTICS EAST features Iamshanova's comparison of language policy in the former Soviet Union post-1917 and in the Russian Federation post-1992. Finally, Merolle and Piirainen present a new approach in EUROLEXICOGRAPHY and GLOBAL FIGURATIVE PHRASEOLOGY.