The Last of the Wine

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Renault's first novel set in ancient Greece, published in '56, explores male homosexuality against the backdrop of Athens at the end of the Peloponnesian War. The story is narrated by Alexias, a noble Athenian youth known for his beauty and athletic prowess. Young male Athenians are depicted as modern debutantes, courted by older men. Alexias' father, Myron, a former beauty and athlete, advises his son on the qualities to seek in a lover—honor, loyalty, and courage—while cautioning him against involvement with women at his young age. Alexias eventually falls for Lysis, a man in his 20s, a champion pankratiast and student of Socrates. Their relationship is central to the narrative, set against the backdrop of sport, peace, and war, with Socrates' philosophy playing a significant role. Historical figures like Plato and Alcibiades also appear, with Alcibiades' actions contributing to Athens' downfall. Lysis marries a woman who encourages his bond with Alexias. As Athens faces defeat, Lysis participates in a rebellion against Spartan tyranny and is killed in battle. Alexias then cares for Lysis' widow and later meets Aster, a beautiful boy. The story concludes with a postscript revealing that it is narrated by Alexias' grandson, also named Alexias.