Integration of Ecosystem Theories: A Pattern

The complexity of ecosystems is highlighted, revealing mankind's limited understanding and the unexpected consequences of our interventions. Despite numerous contributions over the past two decades, the various theories often appear discordant to those unfamiliar with the field. A pluralistic approach is essential to uncover the fundamental properties of ecosystems. The author aims to unify the diverse thoughts, ideas, and observations from scientists, emphasizing that these contributions hold significant value and merit further exploration.