Terrorism and Counterterrorism in Western Europe: Implications for U.S. Strategy in the Global War on Terror

Focusing on the terrorism and counter-terrorism experiences of the UK and Spain, this research examines their historical struggles with groups like the Provisional Irish Republican Army and Euskadi Ta Askatasuna. The author critiques U.S. strategies in the Global War on Terror, arguing that democracy promotion may not effectively counter transnational terrorism and that a sustained military presence could exacerbate threats. Strategic recommendations are provided for U.S. policymakers, emphasizing the need for a thoughtful and patient approach to resolving terrorism issues.