De Gruyter Handbook of Contemporary Welfare States

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The evolution of welfare states over the past 150 years showcases significant diversity, shaped by historical events and economic challenges. After a period of robust growth post-World War II, the 1970s oil crisis marked the beginning of a perceived crisis in these systems. Subsequent discussions have centered on the dismantling and retrenchment of welfare states, particularly in the wake of the financial crisis, often framed under the concepts of austerity and reform. This analysis highlights the ongoing debates surrounding the future of welfare policies.