... the Stratigraphic Relations and Paleontology of the "Hell Creek Beds", "Ceratops Beds" and Equivalents: And Their Reference to the Fortunion Forma

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This historic book may contain numerous typos and missing text. Purchasers can typically download a free scanned copy of the original book from the publisher. Not indexed or illustrated, this 1909 edition discusses the "beds" and "somber beds" of Montana, and the "Ceratops beds" or "Lance Creek beds" of Wyoming, which are considered the lower member of the Fort Union formation, dating to the Eocene epoch. The Fort Union formation, a well-known term among students of late Cretaceous and early Tertiary formations in the northwest, was named by Dr. F. V. Hayden in 1861. He described it as a significant lignite group occupying the area around Fort Union, extending into British territories and south to Fort Clark. The formation was also noted beneath the White River group near the North Platte River and the Wind River Mountains. It consists of clays and sands with ferruginous concretions, along with numerous lignite deposits. Fossil contents are abundant, including dicotyledonous leaves, fresh-water shells, and various bones from species such as Trionyx and crocodiles. The fossil plants collected by Dr. Hayden were studied by Dr. J. S. Newberry, with findings published in 1868, and were gathered from various locations along the Missouri River and its tributaries.