Helwan 2

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This volume presents the archaeological and epigraphic documentation of 41 Early Dynastic and early Old Kingdom relief slabs from Helwan, addressing the need for complete publication and comprehensive information essential for systematic study, chronological order, and interpretation. The work is crucial for understanding the art, archaeology, language, funerary beliefs, and society of early Egypt. Chapter 1 outlines the history of discovery and shifts in interpretation. Chapter 2 examines the archaeological contexts regarding deposition and chronology. Chapter 3 discusses the materials, manufacturing processes, shapes, and styles of the reliefs. In Chapter 4, the focus is on the representations, their internal structure, iconography, interpretations, and comparisons with contemporary works. A precise relative chronological framework is established through correspondence analysis. Chapter 5 offers commentary and discussion on the inscriptions. Chapters 6 and 7 provide a comprehensive interpretation of the material. The volume concludes with a catalogue featuring descriptions, translations, line drawings, and photographs of each piece, ensuring a thorough resource for future research and understanding of this significant archaeological corpus.