Addiction and Devotion in Early Modern England

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Rebecca Lemon explores a previously overlooked perspective on addiction as a form of devotion that is both admirable and complex, contrasting with the modern view that often associates addiction solely with pathology. By examining sixteenth-century texts, she reveals how individuals of that era might see themselves as addicted to study, friendship, love, or God. At the same time, she highlights their recognition of addiction as a compulsion, aligning with contemporary scientific definitions. Early modern medical writings, legal decisions, and religious debates emphasized the dangers of alcohol addiction, framing it in terms of disease, compulsion, and enslavement. However, these differing views were not entirely opposed; both emphasized addiction as a surrender of will. The term "addiction" itself originates from a notion of a verbal contract or pledge. While sixteenth-century audiences embraced addiction to God and love, writers cautioned against improper forms, leading to a growing association with disease and tyranny. Through an analysis of key texts like Doctor Faustus, Twelfth Night, Henry IV, and Othello, alongside various theological, medical, and legal writings, Lemon reveals the diverse nature of early modern addictive relationships. She argues that the historical understanding of addiction remains relevant to contemporary discussions on the topic.